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Can I update my will after it’s been made?

Written by andrew@brokerpedia.com.au | Aug 31, 2024 3:57:20 PM

CM Law's Ultimate 50 List: Making a Will #7 Can I update my will after it’s been made?

Introduction

A will is a crucial legal document that outlines your wishes regarding the distribution of your assets after your death. However, life circumstances often change, and failing to update your will accordingly can render it obsolete, leading to unintended consequences and disputes among your loved ones. The good news is that you can update your will at any time to reflect your current wishes. This guide will explore the reasons for updating your will, the methods for doing so, the potential consequences of neglecting this essential task, and a real-life case from New South Wales that illustrates the importance of keeping your will up to date.

Why You Should Update Your Will

1. Major Life Events

Certain life events should prompt you to review and update your will, including:

  • Marriage or Divorce: In New South Wales, marriage generally revokes a will unless the will expressly states otherwise, while divorce does not automatically revoke a will but can affect certain provisions.
  • Birth or Adoption of Children: If you have children after making your will, you may want to add provisions to include them as beneficiaries.
  • Death of a Beneficiary or Executor: If a named beneficiary or executor passes away, you should update your will to reflect these changes.
  • Changes in Financial Circumstances: Significant changes in your financial status, such as acquiring or selling property, starting or closing a business, or receiving a substantial inheritance, should be reflected in an updated will.
  • Relocation: Moving to another state or country may necessitate changes to your will to comply with the new jurisdiction's laws.

2. Changes in Personal Relationships

Personal relationships can change over time, and these changes may impact how you want to distribute your assets. For example, you may wish to remove a former friend or relative from your will or include someone new who has become important in your life.

3. Updates in Law

Legal changes, such as revisions to tax laws or inheritance regulations, can affect your estate planning. Regularly updating your will ensures compliance with current laws and can help minimize taxes and other costs associated with the administration of your estate.

4. Adding or Changing Specific Bequests

You may wish to add or change specific bequests in your will, such as gifts to charitable organizations, family heirlooms, or other personal belongings. An updated will allows you to make these adjustments to ensure your current wishes are accurately reflected.

How to Update Your Will

1. Codicil

A codicil is a formal document that modifies specific provisions of your existing will without revoking the entire document. It must be signed and witnessed in the same way as the original will to be legally valid. A codicil is suitable for making minor changes, such as altering a beneficiary’s name or updating the executor's details.

2. Creating a New Will

If you need to make substantial changes, creating a new will may be the better option. The new will should clearly state that it revokes all previous wills and codicils, ensuring that only the most recent document is legally binding. This method helps avoid confusion and ensures that your current wishes are clearly expressed.

3. Legal Consultation

Consulting a lawyer when updating your will is advisable, especially if you have a complex estate or significant changes to make. A legal professional can help ensure that your will complies with all legal requirements, reducing the risk of disputes and ensuring that your wishes are properly documented.

Potential Consequences of Not Updating Your Will

  1. Unintended Beneficiaries
    If you do not update your will after a significant life change, unintended beneficiaries may receive a portion of your estate. For example, if you remarry and fail to update your will, your new spouse may not be adequately provided for, or an ex-spouse may inherit assets you no longer wish them to have.
  2. Family Disputes
    Outdated wills can lead to disputes among family members and other beneficiaries, resulting in lengthy and costly legal battles. These disputes can strain relationships and diminish the value of your estate due to legal fees and court costs.
  3. Tax Inefficiencies
    Failing to update your will can result in tax inefficiencies, such as not taking advantage of current tax laws that could minimize the tax burden on your estate or your beneficiaries.
  4. No Provisions for New Assets
    If you acquire new assets after creating your will, failing to update the document may mean these assets are not distributed according to your wishes. Instead, they may be handled according to state intestacy laws, which may not align with your intentions.

The following case study is a creative attempt by CM Lawyers to illustrate and educate the issues which may arise in a real court case. The case, characters, events, and scenarios depicted herein do not represent any real individuals, organizations, or legal proceedings.

Case Study: The Consequences of an Outdated Will in New South Wales

Introduction

A recent case in New South Wales demonstrates the significant consequences of failing to update a will. The case highlights the importance of reviewing and revising your will regularly to reflect your current circumstances and wishes.

Case Overview

Estate of Connors [2021] NSWSC 915: Mary Connors, a retired teacher, passed away with a will that had not been updated for over 15 years. Her estate, valued at $2.5 million, included her home, savings, and investments. The will, made before the birth of her two grandchildren and her daughter's marriage, did not reflect the changes in her family dynamics or her financial situation. As a result, a dispute arose among her three children and her son-in-law, who was excluded from the will despite Mary's intent to provide for him.

Behaviour of the Participants

Mary’s son, feeling aggrieved by the outdated provisions, fought bitterly in court to assert his mother's true intentions. He described how his mother had verbally expressed her desire to support her son-in-law and grandchildren but had not updated her will accordingly. He appeared visibly shaken, recounting the emotional toll of the dispute and the pain of seeing his family torn apart over a document that no longer represented his mother's wishes.

Mary’s daughter, distraught and tearful, argued that her mother had clearly intended to include her husband in the will. Her voice broke as she spoke of the strain the legal battle had placed on her marriage and her children, expressing a deep sense of frustration and betrayal at the legal system's inability to honor her mother's unexpressed wishes. The courtroom was filled with tension, sadness, and desperation, as both sides struggled to reconcile their love for Mary with the harsh reality of an outdated will.

Legal Process and Court Involvement

The Supreme Court of New South Wales was called upon to resolve the dispute, given the outdated provisions of the will. The legal process included:

  • Multiple court hearings to determine the validity of the existing will and to interpret Mary’s true intentions based on testimonies and evidence presented by family members.
  • Engaging expert witnesses, including legal analysts and financial advisors, to assess the will’s compliance with current laws and to evaluate the value of the estate.
  • Mediation attempts to negotiate a settlement among the family members, which ultimately failed, leading to further litigation.

Financial Consequences

The legal battle over Mary’s outdated will resulted in substantial financial costs. Legal fees and administrative expenses totaled over $300,000, while the prolonged dispute delayed the distribution of assets, causing a further loss of $200,000 due to market fluctuations and property maintenance costs. The total financial impact on the estate was over $500,000, significantly reducing the inheritance available to Mary’s intended beneficiaries.

Conclusion

The Estate of Connors case underscores the importance of regularly updating your will to reflect changes in your life circumstances, family dynamics, and financial status. An outdated will can lead to costly legal battles, unintended beneficiaries, and emotional distress for your loved ones.

Statistics on Updating Wills in NSW

  1. Outdated Wills: Approximately 40% of wills in NSW are found to be outdated, leading to potential disputes and legal challenges.
  2. Average Cost of Updating a Will: The cost of updating a will in NSW ranges from $200 to $1,000, depending on the extent of the changes.
  3. Dispute Frequency: 35% of estate disputes in NSW involve outdated wills or wills with unclear provisions.
  4. Legal Costs of Disputes: The average legal cost of resolving disputes over outdated wills in NSW is around $150,000.
  5. Time to Settle Disputes: Disputes involving outdated wills take, on average, 12-24 months longer to settle than those involving updated wills.
  6. Executor Challenges: 20% of contested estates in NSW involve disputes over the executor’s role due to outdated or unclear provisions.
  7. Guardianship Issues: 25% of wills involving minor children lack updated guardianship appointments.
  8. Digital Asset Consideration: Less than 25% of updated wills in NSW account for digital assets.
  9. Charitable Bequests: Only 15% of wills in NSW include updated provisions for charitable donations.
  10. Awareness of the Need to Update: 60% of Australians are unaware of the importance of regularly updating their wills.

Essential Resources: Government and Non-Profit Organizations

Government Resources:

Non-Profit Organizations:

  • The Law Society of New South Wales – Wills and Estates
    URL: https://www.lawsociety.com.au/legal-help/wills-and-estates
  • Justice Connect – Planning Ahead
    URL: https://justiceconnect.org.au/resources/planning-ahead
  • Australian Seniors – Wills and Estate Planning
    URL: https://www.seniors.com.au/legal/wills-and-estate-planning
  • Dying with Dignity NSW – Resources
    URL: https://www.dwdnsw.org.au/resources
  • Seniors Rights Service – Legal Guidance on Wills
    URL: https://seniorsrightsservice.org.au/legal-services/wills